Coho Salmon Status Review - Brood Year Sampling [ds483]

The purpose of this work is to develop a new historic coho salmon stream list, provide substantiation and documentation, and develop a presence by brood year table between BY1979 and BY2004 for historic coho salmon streams.

November 2009 Release Please note that this dataset was not intended to be used as a distribution. Brood year data are represented by stream and none of the stream linework is intended to represent the upper extent of coho presence. From 2001 through 2006, a statewide coho salmon status investigation was conducted through field and office work. The goal was to assess coho salmon status by changes in both temporal and spatial occupancy rates, and to lay the baseline by which recovery can be measured. For the purposes of this dataset, we use "Presence confirmed/presence not confirmed" instead of "Presence/absence" because almost all data are generated from sampling and not from census work. This dataset was developed through a combination of field surveys and literature reviews, using a standard protocol, to produce a sampling history based on the brood year could be compiled for each stream and for each maternal brood year from 1979 through 2004. Coho salmon presence based on the maternal brood year, rather than the year of observation, provides a tool to assess the three year life history pattern throughout the current stream distribution. A coho salmon presence by brood year table was constructed for maternal brood year in California coastal watersheds included in two NOAA Fisheries designated Evolutionary Significant Units. For the area south of the Oregon Boarder to the Mattole River at the Punta Gorda (SONCC) the table includes maternal brood years 1979 to 2002. For the area south of the Mattole River, between Punta Gorda and Marin County (the northern section of the CCC) the table includes data for maternal brood years 1979 to 2003. And for the southern portion of the CCC, including streams tributary to San Francisco Bay, the table includes data for maternal brood years 1979 to 2004. The Sacramento River basin was excluded from this study. Data from the SONCC and the CCC have been combined in this dataset for ease of use. This work presents a "New Historic Coho Salmon Stream List" (see Revised Historic Coho Salmon Stream List below). A presence by brood year table was compiled for all streams for which coho salmon presence could be documented in any year. One record per stream for each year in the period of record, brood year 1979 through 2004 is provided. An "x" in the [presence] field is used to indicate documented coho presence prior to 1979 (i.e. <1979). New Historic Coho Salmon Stream List Available literature and the data resulting from field work to develop a new historic coho salmon stream list (identified in this dataset by a "Yes" value in the field [Jong _list]). Streams were included in this list only if sampling conducted on that stream detected presence of coho salmon. Presence is defined as one or more coho salmon detected (the reader is reminded that the presence metric alone does not support inferences to abundance nor habitat quality). Streams were also included in this new list when coho were found to be present by implication (identified in this dataset by a "Yes-Implied" value in the field [Jong _list]). Generally, most sampling occurs in first and second order streams due to access, logistics and feasibility. Higher order streams such as the mainstem Klamath River are a challenge to sample adequately making presence/absence surveys difficult. Often, coho salmon are observed in lower order streams but either no surveys were made in the higher order (down stream) waters or sampling did occur but coho salmon presence was not detected. For example: if coho salmon are found in China Creek (tributary to Redwood Creek thence South Fork Eel River thence Eel River) then coho salmon presence is implied in Redwood Creek, S. F. Eel River and Eel River (in this case, China Creek is the up stream and the down streams are Redwood Creek, S. F. Eel River and Eel River). Coho salmon presence is implied to the "down stream(s)" when coho salmon presence is confirmed in an "up stream." Including streams by implication provides for a more accurate list. A "Null" is assigned to a brood year if sampling did not confirm coho presence and no documentation was found to confirm coho salmon presence for that brood year. If documentation of sampling was found and the presence of coho salmon was not confirmed, a "U" was assigned to that brood year. A "Y" was assigned to a brood year if the presence of coho salmon was confirmed. A "Yi", signifying coho salmon presence by implication, overrides a null or a "U" if a Y" was assigned to an up stream. Revised Historic Coho Salmon Stream List (BM_List) There were a total of 108 streams originally identified as coho streams for which no documentation was found. Based on our work these streams were not included on the new list. These streams are identified in this dataset by a "yes" value in the field [BM_List] and a concurrent "no" value in the field [Jong _list]. Additional detail and documentation is contained in two manuscripts. These are available from the source. Please read the metadata document completely prior to use of this dataset. Examples of appropriate uses include: - Coho salmon recovery planning - Evaluation of future survey sites for coho - Validating coho presence Examples of inappropriate uses include: - Using this dataset as a distribution. - Assuming that coho are present in every year or in all portions of the stream. - Assuming absence of data means that coho are not present in that stream. - Using this data to make parcel or ground level land use management decisions. - Using this dataset to prove or support non-existence of coho at any spatial scale. This dataset was developed through a combination of field surveys and literature reviews. Literature was reviewed, following a standard protocol, so that a sampling history could be compiled for each stream and for each year from 1979 through 2004. Often the author of a document gave poor or no description as to sampling location. In other cases, the document reviewers located the stream but the hydrography linework was not complete. For these and other reasons, some data were omitted here. All users of this data should seek the assistance of qualified professionals such as surveyors, hydrologists, or fishery biologists as needed to ensure that such users possess complete, precise, and up to date information on coho salmon distribution and water body location.

Bill Jong , Connie Shannon, Doug Burch, Tom Christy CDFG Northern Region

Please read the metadata document completely prior to use of this dataset. Examples of appropriate uses include: - Coho salmon recovery planning - Evaluation of future survey sites for coho - Validating coho presence Examples of inappropriate uses include: - Using this dataset as a distribution. - Assuming that coho are present in every year or in all portions of the stream. - Assuming absence of data means that coho are not present in that stream. - Using this data to make parcel or ground level land use management decisions. - Using this dataset to prove or support non-existence of coho at any spatial scale. This dataset was developed through a combination of field surveys and existing literature reviews. Literature was reviewed, following a standard protocol, so that a sampling history could be compiled for each stream and for each year from 1979 through 2004. Often the author of a document gave poor or no description as to sampling location. In other cases, the document reviewers located the stream but the hydrography linework was not complete. For these and other reasons, some data were omitted here. All users of this data should seek the assistance of qualified professionals such as surveyors, hydrologists, or fishery biologists as needed to ensure that such users possess complete, precise, and up to date information on coho salmon distribution and water body location.